Retinitis Pigmentosa - Macular Degeneration

Is there any treatment available for AMD?

Laser photocoagulation can help some people with wet AMD. In this treatment, laser light rays are directed into the eye and focused on a small spot on the macula. The laser destroys the blood vessels growing beneath the retina and seals leaky areas. This treatment cannot restore vision already lost from AMD, so it is critical that it be applied as early as possible, before vision impairment has progressed. A badly damaged macula will not benefit from laser treatment.

Laser photo coagulation is performed by a specially trained ophthalmologist in his or her office or at a medical centre. It usually takes less than 30 minutes and involves minimal discomfort. A hospital stay is not required and patients can resume their normal activities soon after the treatment has been performed. Photo Dynamic Therapy involves the use of a Photosensitive Dye together with a cool laser. Triamcinolone is sometimes also added to improve the outcome of PDT.

Anti-angiogenic drugs are also being used to treat wet AMD. These are usually injected into the retina or vitreous and repeated injections are often required.

Gene Therapy trials to deliver PEDF which inhibits the growth of new blood vessels are also showing great progress. Members of Retina South Africa receive regular updates on research progress.

There is currently no effective treatment for dry AMD or early onset Macular Degeneration. There is no evidence that laser treatment is of any value for people with these conditions.

Extensive trails in the use of anti-oxidants to prevent the conversion of dry to wet AMD have been conducted. Discuss supplementation with your eye specialist.

AMD patients may also improve their quality of life by the use of low vision assistive devices. People affected by early onset forms of inherited Macular Degeneration may also benefit from orientation and mobility training.