One of the hottest (and most debated) issues at the moment is that of the role of antioxidants and carotenoids in AMD. One such substance being investigated is Lutein. High levels of Lutein in the macular area maintains high macular pigment density which protects the retina from high levels of ultra violet light. Symptoms of low pigment density include photosensitivity and poor adaptation to varying light levels.

Lutein and Zeaxanthins occur naturally in green leafy vegetables such as spinach. The occurrence of AMD in the South African black population has up to now been very low. A traditional dish called Morogo - a wild spinach is a staple part of the diet of the rural black population. Is there any link?